Chiari+Malformation

This is a condition in which portions of the brain, the cerebellar tonsils portrude, into the upper spine, compressing the brain of spinal coar. CMs may develop when the bony space is smaller than normal, causing the cerebellum and brain stem to be pushed downward into the foramen magnum and into the upper spinal canal. The resulting pressure on the cerebellum and brain stem may affect functions controlled by these areas and block the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the clear liquid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord — to and from the brain.
 * [|**Chiari Malformation**] **


 * What causes these malformations? **

CM has several different causes. It can be caused by structural defects in the brain and spinal cord that occur during fetal development, whether caused by genetic mutations or lack of proper vitamins or nutrients in the maternal diet. This is called primary or congenital CM. It can also be caused later in life if spinal fluid is drained excessively from the lumbar or thoracic areas of the spine either due to injury, exposure to harmful substances, or infection. This is called acquired or secondary CM. Primary CM is much more common than secondary CM.

**What are the symptoms of Chairi Malformation?** Even though patients are born with the malformation, the symptoms usually appear between ages 10 and 20 years.
 * Neck pain pain
 * balance problems
 * muscle weakness
 * vision problems
 * numbness in the arms of legs

**How is Chirai Malformation Treated?**

The only treatment for this type of malformation is surgery. Most individuals notice a reduction of the symptoms after surgery. Adults with CM can be treated with posterior fossa decompression to create more space for the cerebellum and to relieve pressure on the spinal column.

**In this image, there is limited cerebrospinal fluid.**